viscosity
1. That property of a fluid manifest as a
resistance to flow and measured by the tangential
force per unit area of either of two horizontal
planes at unit distance apart, one of the planes
moving with unit velocity relative to the other,
the space between being occupied by the flowing
liquid. If the velocity of flow is proportional to
the force applied, the fluid is said to exhibit
Newtonian behavior; however, many colloidal
dispersions and suspensions display anomalous
non-Newtonian flow, i.e., the velocity of flow is
not proportional to the force applied.
Viscosity diminishes as temperature rises, often
by about 2% per degree C; it also increases with
an increase in pressure.
2. That property of a cellulose paper pulp, or
other polymer, expressed by the viscosity of a
solution of the material in a suitable solvent and
under specified conditions. Viscosity in this
respect is related to the strength, as well as
other properties of the paper pulp fibers. (17 , 72 , 195 , 309 )
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