Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books
A Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology

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fungicide

A substance possessing the power of killing or preventing the growth ofFUNGI . No single fungicide possesses all the desired properties of protection, as some of them are mutually exclusive, but it is possible to find one that possesses a range of properties suitable for use in virtually any specific case. Unfortunately, many fungicides are highly chlorinated substances and therefore cannot be washed out if lasting protection is to be conferred. Considerable care must be exercised, therefore, when they are used in or near paper.

While stable enough for most normal uses, the typical fungicide may not be sufficiently stable when it is to re main in paper for decades, even centuries, as paper almost always contain impurities, e.g., iron, which may accelerate the normal slow breakdown of a fungicide. In the usual case, the product of this breakdown is hydrochloric acid (HCl), minute amounts of which are capable of destroying any normal paper; therefore, before using any chlorinated organic fungicide, it must be determined whether or not it is (reasonably) stable in the presence of traces of iron, copper, manganese, etc., and, at the same time sufficiently effective to be of practical value when used in low concentrations, e.g., 0.1% of the weight of the paper. See also: COPPER NAPHTHENATE ;FOXING ;MERCAPTOBENZTHIAZOLE (M.B.T.) ;MERCURIC CHLORIDE ;PENTA-CHLOROPHENOL (P.C.P.) ; SALICYLANILIDE . (198 )




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