Literature

"Behaviors of Filler Particles in Lumen-Loading," by T. Okayama et al., Japan Tappi Journal no. 5, May 1989, pp. 55-66 (in Japanese). This study examines the behaviors of filler particles such as calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, and plastic pigment in lumen-loading. Variables: softwood vs. hardwood, levels of filler content, behavior of filler particles of different size, average cross-section of particles captured, and amount of prismoidal calcium carbonate loaded.

"Copier Goes Upmarket." Paper Facts & Figures 28 #166, July-Aug. 1989, pp. 16-2 . The constraints on what kind of paper can be used successfully in copiers and laser printers are relaxing. New forms of surface treatments and smoother sheets mean that the problem of combining watermarked papers with laser copiers have been resolved, and the properties associated with watermarked papers can now be linked with the market copier papers: prestige, company identification and especially security. Rank Xerox have just launched a new line of laid copier paper throughout Europe. (In 1972 Verner Clapp suggested watermarking permanent paper to identify it; the Finnish standard for permanent paper, SFS 5453, requires a watermark for "permanent papers for writing" that gives the number of the paper, manufacturer or acronym and year of production; and this method of identifying paper that meets permanence standards might be useful in this country too. Watermarked paper can be used for all purposes. Most watermarks today are not made with dandy rolls, but with a transparentizing solution that does not affect the thickness of the sheet.)

"Will the 1990s be the Alkaline Decade?" by Janice Bottiglieri. PIMA, Dec. 1989, p. 18-20. An article based largely on interviews with advocates of permanent paper and manufacturers of alkaline paper. "The impact of this kind of pressure [from permanence advocates] an the alkaline market as a whole seem limited, however. In fact, none of the information PIMA Magazine received from various advocacy groups, including the NYPL, was printed on alkaline paper." Suppliers are interviewed too: Steve, Walkden of Hercules, Barbara Wortley of General Chemical, Terry Gallagher of Nalco, Thomas W. Daly of Omya, and Phil Pennartz of Procomp. Market penetration in Europe is given as 50-60%., and the halfway mark for conversion of uncoated free-sheet is expected to be reached by 1992.

ASTM D 4988-89, "Standard Test Method for Determination of Calcium Carbonate Content of Paper," was published in November 1989, and is available from ASTM , 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, PA 19103 (215/299-5400).

"New Momentum for Alkaline Papermakers," by Stephen A. Walkden. Tappi Journal, Nov. 1989, P. 8. By 1993, he says, 52% of uncoated freesheet production is forecast to be alkaline. The way alkaline papermaking is meeting the challenge of new printing technologies is briefly described.

One of the earliest, if not the earliest, announcements in print of the use of alkylketene dimers for sizing appeared in the January 1956 TAPPI. It is historically significant e AKD made production of sized alkaline papers commrcially possible:

"A New Sizing Agent for Paper--Alkylketene Dimers," by J. W. Davis, W. H. Roberson, and C. A. Weisgerber.

The long curing time is mentioned, but not any problem with retention. The paper was originally given at a TAPPI meeting in New York City, Feb. 21-24, 1955.

"Het Behoud van ons Nationale Beheugen" (The Preservation of our National Memory) is a 72-page booklet reporting the results of a survey of about 100 Dutch libraries m the conditions of their collections. The survey was carried out by an advisory council set up in 1987 to advise the government on all matters concerning libraries and information services (much like our National Commission on Libraries and Information Science). About 20% of the libraries indicated that 25%-80% of their collections are in imminent danger. Recommendations are included in the 4-page English-language "S and Recommendations." The address of the advisory council, RABIN, is PO Box 95341, 2509 CH The Hague, The Netherlands, teleph. (31) 70 47 13 44.

"State Government Records Program: A Proposed National Agenda!' is a four-page report issued in November by the National Association of Government Archives and Records Administrators (NAGARA). It describes 11 elements of a broad national agenda, of which #7 is "Preservation of Archival Records." In this section a number of standard preservation actions are recomended, including the use of acid-free paper for state government publications and records of enduring value. "Use of long-lasting paper," it says, "will help prevent the continuing growth of the preservation problem as new records are produced." For more information, contact Bruce W. Dearstyne, Executive Director of NAGARA, New York State Archives, Room 10A75 Cultural Education Center, Albany, NY 12230 (518/473-8037).

A printing supplier who is most generous with technical information, including some that relates to interaction the paper, ink, water and plate, is Rosos Research Laboratories, in Lake Bluff, Illinois. They sell chemicals for offset printing, a pocket conductivity meter ($100) and a pH pen that appears to be filled with bromcresol purple, which turns yellow about pH 4.0 and purple about pH 6.0. Phone: 312/295-1331.