The Commission on Preservation and Access

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The Original Document
1.1 Medium
1.2 Format
1.3 Periodicity
1.4 Properties
1.5 Condition
1.6 Content


1.4. Document Properties

Document Properties refers to a classification of various components of documents as to their different tonal or color content and as to the types of objects [14] they contain. Emphasis is placed on those properties most closely associated with documents produced on paper.

1.4.1. Tone

Tone refers to the color quality or color content of the document or parts of the document regardless of form or material content.

1.4.1.1 Monotone

Monotone documents (or parts of documents) are printed or otherwise produced using one color hue [15] only, most often black or near-black.

1.4.1.1.1 Two-Tone

Those parts of a monotone document that are represented in only two contrasting tones (regardless of the hue of the color, although the term is most often associated with black hues), with no intermediate shades. Thus, for purposes of this Glossary, a book printed with red ink on yellow paper would be considered two-tone. When one of the shades is black or near- black, and the other white or near-white, the document is described as being produced in black-and-white.

1.4.1.1.2 Greyscale

Those parts of a monotone document that are presented using a range of tones (regardless of the hue of the underlying color). The range of tones may either be continuous (such as in a

photograph), where all possible values may essentially be taken on, or discrete, where only a finite set of values may be taken on.

1.4.1.2 Highlight Color

A two-tone (1.4.1.1.1) document, parts of which additionally contain areas highlighted with a second single color of uniform shade.

1.4.1.3 Two Color

A document containing two colors, intermixed to create intervening hues, and two extreme tones (normally black and white) used to create a continuous or discrete (see 1.4.1.1.2) range of shades.

1.4.1.4 Full Color

A document containing or attempting to contain a full range of colors, normally of all hues, tones, and shades.

1.4.2. Object Type

Object Type (see also Footnote 13) is a descriptor that conveys information about a given sub-area (object) of the document with regard to the manner in which it conveys data or information.

1.4.2.1 Text Objects

Text Objects are document objects consisting of written or printed (or otherwise displayed) stored words or ideograms.

1.4.2.2 Data Objects

Data Objects are document objects consisting of factual information normally arranged into datafiles (1.2.10) or tables (1.2.10.1) which are used as a basis for reasoning, discussion, or calculation.

1.4.2.2.3 Table

See 1.2.10.1.

1.4.2.3 Graphic Objects

Graphic Objects are document objects containing image information consisting of artwork, photographs, technical drawings etc, perhaps containing limited amounts of text usually as captions or for labelling purposes.

1.4.2.3.1 Line Art

Graphic objects created entirely from the use of text, dots, and straight or curved lines.

1.4.2.3.1.1 Graphs

Line art objects consisting of representations of the interrelationships of data in pictorial form.

1.4.2.3.2 Halftone

A representation of a greyscale (1.4.1.1.2) or color graphic object as a series of dots obtained, for example, by photographing or scanning an image through a mesh screen. By limiting the dots to, say, black and white (for example, by using high-contrast film), the illusion of greyscale may be created in a two-tone or black-and-white document (1.4.1.1.1).

1.4.2.3.3 Discrete Tone

A greyscale or color (1.4.1.4) graphic object where the tones take on discrete (normally equispaced) values within a range.

1.4.2.3.4 Continuous Tone

A greyscale (1.4.1.1.2) or color (1.4.1.4) graphic object where the tones fall continuously across an entire range of values, such as in a photograph (1.1.4, 1.2.9.3).

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