IADA: PUBLIKATIONEN: JOURNAL OF PAPERCONSERVATION 1-2011

VOL. 12 (2011), NO. 1

> Aqueous Treatment of Water-Sensitive Paper Objects / Kapillarreinigung, Blotter-Wash oder Paraprint-Wash?
> Local Strenghtening of Mould Damaged Manuscripts / Lokale Verstärkung schimmelgeschädigter Manuskripte
> Editorial
> IADA News
> XIIth IADA Congress Berne 2011
> Personalia
> Materials & Equipment
> In Practice
> Instructables
> Training
> Degree Works
> Online Supplement
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AQUEOUS TREATMENT OF WATER-SENSITIVE PAPER OBJECTS
Capillary Unit, Blotter Wash or Paraprint Wash?

KAPILLARREINIGUNG, BLOTTER-WASH ODER PARAPRINT-WASH?
Wässrige Behandlung von wasserempfindlichen Objekten

Authors/Autoren: Hilde Schalkx, Piet Iedema, Birgit Reissland, Bas van Velzen,
Abstract: Blotter washing and washing with the capillary unit are both methods used for aqueous treatment of water-sensitive paper objects. The challenge of this treatment is to remove water-soluble products while keeping the water-sensitive medium in its place. In this article the two methods are compared, along with a third method referred to as Paraprint washing. This is a washing treatment similar to blotter washing, but using Paraprint OL 60, the viscose non-woven fabric recommended in the literature for use with the capillary unit, instead of blotting paper. Preliminary experiments were carried out to clarify the principles behind the capillary unit treatment, and the method was adjusted to use a level surface instead of the slight slope recommended in the literature. The comparison between the different methods was made by washing samples of new, unaged papers, that had been coloured by immersion in a highly water-soluble red food colouring dye (Ponceau 4R) to simulate the water-soluble compounds like discolouration and acids that washing is usually meant to remove. After treatment the samples were compared visually. Both capillary unit treatment and Paraprint washing gave better results than the more traditional blotter wash. The capillary unit worked well with papers that wet easily. For papers that did not, Paraprint washing was better suited as it washed out the colour more effectively and evenly. Finally, originals were successfully treated applying the results of this study.
Zusammenfassung: Das „Blotter-Washing“ und die „Behandlung mit der Kapillareinheit“ sind beides wässrige Methoden zur Behandlung wasserempfindlicher Objekte. Die Herausforderung besteht darin, wasserlösliche Produkte zu entfernen, dabei jedoch die wasserempfindliche Bildschicht auf dem Träger zu erhalten. In diesem Artikel werden diese beiden Methoden sowie eine Abwandlung des Blotter-Washings, das „Paraprint-Washing“, verglichen. Hierzu wurden neue, ungealterte Papiere wässrig behandelt. Um den Transport unsichtbarer wasserlöslicher Verunreinigungen (Verfärbungen, Säuren) sichtbar zu machen, waren diese Papiere zuvor mit einem wasserlöslichen, roten Lebensmittelfarbstoff (Ponceau 4R) durch Tauchen gefärbt worden. Nach der Behandlung wurden die Proben visuell verglichen. Die Kapillareinheit und das Paraprint-Washing erzielten bessere Ergebnisse als das eher traditionelle Blotter-Washing. Eine Behandlung mit der Kapillareinheit ist effektiver für Papiere, die Wasser gut aufnehmen. Für schlecht benetzbare Papiere ist das Paraprint-Washing geeigneter, die Farbe wurde besser und gleichmäßiger entfernt. Schließlich wurden Originale unter Berücksichtigung der Ergebnisse dieser Studie erfolgreich behandelt. Die Verwendung der Kapillareinheit konnte durch einleitende Experimente wesentlich vereinfacht werden: ein geneigter Winkel ist nicht notwendig.
Keywords: Background - Capillary Unit Treatment (Wetting the Paraprint OL 60 - Establishing a Water Flow within the Paraprint OL 60 - Moistening the Object - Transport of Solutes out of the Object into the Paraprint OL 60 - Transport of Solutes Through the Paraprint OL 60 - Covering the Capillary Unit) - Blotter Washing (Wetting the Blotting Paper - Moistening the Object - Covering the Blotter-Wash Container or Screen-Printing Screen - Transport of Solutes out of the Object into the Blotting Paper - Changing the Blotters - Keeping the Blotter-Wash Container Uncovered) - Paraprint Washing - Hypothesis - Experimental (Sample Preparation - Preparation, Washing Duration, Drying - Capillary Unit Treatment - Blotter Wash and Paraprint Wash - Case Studies) - Results and Discussion - Conclusions - Acknowledgements - Endnotes - References - Suppliers - Authors

LOCAL STRENGHTENING OF MOULD-DAMAGED MANUSCRIPTS
A Case Study on Logbooks of Early French Expeditions in Louisiana (1684-1722)

LOKALE VERSTÄRKUNG SCHIMMELGESCHÄDIGTER MANUSKRIPTE
Ein Fallbeispiel von Logbüchern früher französischer Expeditionen nach Louisiana (1684-1722)

Authors/Autoren: Aurélie Martin, Véronique Rouchon, Thierry Aubry, Nelly Cauliez, Marthe Desroches, Marlène Margez
Abstract: The National Archives in Paris house the logbooks of early French expeditions in Louisiana, preserved in their original binding. They raise current conservation issues specific to archival materials: iron gall inks are relatively well preserved but the paper is extremely weak on the edges, as a result of old water damages and micro-organisms growth. Using local consolidation techniques to strengthen the paper of these documents would prevent us from removing the bindings, hence allowing for minimal interference. But these methods generate a substantial number of risks: formation of tide lines more likely to turn brown over time, local distortion of the paper, and iron gall ink migration. Often underestimated, the latter aspect should prevail in the decision-making process. Indeed, the formation of halos around and on the verso of the ink lines is often barely noticeable to the naked eye, but always comes with a migration of iron-ions, which is particularly detrimental to the manuscripts. We therefore sought the parameters of a local re-sizing technique that would limit, as much as possible, tide lines, distortions and ink migrations. We finally opted for a 2 % Klucel G® in ethanol as adhesive and re-sizing agent. The solution was applied directly with a brush on damaged areas, in a local procedure combining re-sizing, lining with Berlin tissue, and infilling. This study provides an alternative to existing treatments that usually employ water based adhesives. It allows a satisfactory local consolidation and preserves the original feature of the ink, the paper, and the binding.
Zusammenfassung: Das Nationalarchiv in Paris beherbergt die original gebundenen Logbücher früher französischer Expeditionen nach Louisiana. Während die Eisengallustinten relativ gut erhalten sind, ist das Papier an den Kanten durch alte Wasserschäden und Mikroorganismenbefall extrem geschädigt. Eine lokale Konsolidierung würde den Erhalt der originalen Bindung erlauben, birgt jedoch auch Risiken: das Entstehen von Wasserrändern, die sich im Laufe der Zeit verfärben, lokale Verformung des Papieres, Migration von Eisengallustinten. Oft unterschätzt, könnte Letztere den Entscheidungsproze� entscheidend beeinflussen. Die Bildung verfärbter Bereiche neben und unter den Tintenbereichen ist für das bloße Auge meist kaum sichtbar, jedoch führt diese immer zu einer Migration von Eisenionen, welche besonders schädlich für Manuskripte ist. Die lokale Nachleimung sollte die Bildung von Wasserrändern, Verformungen oder Tintenmigration verhindern. Zum Nachleimen wurde daher Klucel G® in Ethanol (2 %) gewählt, welches direkt mit einem Pinsel auf die geschädigten Bereiche aufgetragen wurde. Diese Methode kombiniert Nachleimung, Kaschieren mit Berlin Tissue und Fehlstellenergänzung und bietet eine Alternative zu exisiterenden Behandlungen, die normalerweise wasserhaltige Klebstoffe verwenden. Es erlaubt eine erfolgreiche lokale Konsolidierung und bewahrt die originalen Merkmale der Tinte, des Papieres und der Bindung.
Keywords: Condition of the Documents - Background (A Local Approach: Relevance of Partial Re-Sizing - Risks Related to the Presence of Iron Gall Inks - Research Purpose) - Choosing a Local Re-Sizing Technique Suitable for Paper (Adhesives and Procedures - Which Concentration Strengthens the Paper? - Risks of Tide-Line Formation and Paper Distortion) - In Search for a Re-Sizing Procedure Suitable for Iron Gall Inks - Visual Observation Using Macro Photographs - Results - Conservation Treatments: A Local Consolidation Procedure Combining Re-Sizing, Infilling, and Lining (The Choice of an Adhesive - From Re-Sizing to Lining - Selecting a Lining Material - Choosing a Local Lining Method - Consolidation Procedure for the Upper Corner) - Conclusion - Acknowledgements - Endnotes - References - Suppliers - Authors

EDITORIAL

Alea iacta est—The dice has been cast (Birgit Reissland)
Ein neuer Neuanfang (Wolfgang Seidel)

IADA NEWS

New Year—New Beginning (Anna Bülow) - 2010 in (Financial) Numbers (Julia Bispinck) - Preparations for Berne 2011 (Anna Bülow) - New Members (Gerd Crona, Marion Verborg)

Wolfgang Jaworek—A Critical Supporter of IADA: First Steps - But Those Were Eventful Times ... - Sustainable Cooperation - Farewell - Thank You (André Page and the IADA Board)

XIIth IADA CONGRESS BERNE 2011

	Photo: André Page
CH-Berne \| CH-Bern 28 August - 2 September 2011 Preliminary Programme \| Vorläufiges Programm > PDF

PERSONALIA

Obituary: Merryl Huxtable (1956-2010) (Valeria Orlandini)

MATERIALS & EQUIPMENT

Electroluminescence Panels—Light Sheets
Dino-Lite®—Digital Microscope (Claire Phan Tan Luu, Dionysia Christoforou)
> If you want to share information on new „Materials & Equipment“ in the field of book and paper conservation, please contact: Claire Phan Tan Luu or Dionysia Christoforou

IN PRACTICE

Book Preservation at the Folger Shakespeare Library (II): The Folger Phase Box with Clear Spine (Steven K Galbraith, Linda Hohneke, Renate Mesmer)

A New Method for Flattening Parchment (Elisabeth Schneider)

INSTRUCTABLES

Remoistenable Tissue (Bas van Velzen, Eliza Jacobi)

TRAINING

US-Washington, DC: An Internship in the Library of Congress (Eliza Spaulding)

DEGREE WORKS

Université Paris:
- Hye-Sung Ahn: An Historical Review of Daguerreotype Treatments—The Evolution of Daguerreotype Plate Cleaning
- Leila Sauvage: Powder and Paper—The Conservation of Friable Media Drawings

L'Institut National du Patrimoine:
- Violaine Blaise: The Conservation of a Japanese Puppet Costume Using Micro-Dot Pasting
- Elodie Remazeilles: Disposable Paper Dresses by Paco Rabanne—An Investigation into Wet Treatments and Their Impact on a Laminated Embossed Paper
> If you want to provide abstracts of master-thesis degree works in the field of book, paper and photograph conservation, please contact Istvan Kecskemeti

ONLINE SUPPLEMENT

LITERATURE

Recent Publications | Neue Veröffentlichungen

Book Reviews | Rezensionen

Literary Cultures and the Material Book (Jutta Keddies)
Eliot, Simon, et al (ed): Literary Cultures and the Material Book. London: The British Library Studies in the History of the Book, 2007. 444 pp, 64 ill. in black and white. ISBN 978-0-7123-0684-3. GBP 45.00. > PDF

Künstlerische Techniken (Christian Fuchs)
Gale, Colin: Das Praxisbuch der Künstlerischen Drucktechniken. Bern, Stuttgart, Wien: Haupt Verlag, 2010. 160 S., ca. 300 Farb-Abb. ISBN 978-3-258-60002-4. EUR 39,90. > PDF

Suggested Readings | Zeitschriftenauswertung

TRAINING

Centro del bel libro > PDF

Training Events | Fortbildungskalender

EXHIBITIONS

Exhibition Calendar | Ausstellungskalender

CH-Berne | CH-Bern 28 August - 2 September 2011 Preliminary Programme | Vorläufiges Programm > PDF

CH-Berne | CH-Bern
28 August - 2 September 2011 Preliminary Programme | Vorläufiges Programm > PDF