substance
1. The weight of a paper expressed in terms of
weight per ream of sheets of a given size. It is
usually based on a ream of 500 sheets. The weight
of a ream of a given size and number of sheets is
called the substance number, the "substance" being
the product of the density, i.e., the degree of
dilution of the pulp suspension flowing onto the
papermaking machine wire, the rate at which it
flows, and the speed of the wire. See also: BASIS WEIGHT . 2. The
total weight of a hide or skin suitable for
conversion into leather. While "substance" in this
context will vary greatly, depending on the type
of hide or skin, age and sex of the animal, etc.,
as an example of substance, 100 pounds of green
salted calfskin will average:
43.8 pounds water
5.9 pounds (dry) hair
3.8 pounds (dry) fleshings
.8 pounds pate or cheekings
2.0 pounds (physiologic) fat
.5 pounds minerals
12.0 pounds salt (NaCl)
31.2 pounds hide substance
(17 , 248 , 306 )
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