JAIC 1993, Volume 32, Number 2, Article 7 (pp. 165 to 176)

THE HISTORY, TECHNOLOGY, AND CONSERVATION OF ARCHITECTURAL PAPIER M�CH�

JONATHAN THORNTON

REFERENCES

Andrews, W.1978. Architecture, ambition, and Americans: A social history of American architecture, rev. ed.New York: Free Press.

Bielefeld, C.1850. Omaments … manufactured in the improved papier m�che�. London: The author.

Boyle, R.1966. The works, ed.T.Birch. 1671. Reprint. Hildesheim, Germany: Georg Olms Verglagsbuchhandlung. 1966.

Cornforth, J.1992. Putting up with Georgian D1Y. Country Life186(15):54–56.

Dickinson, G.1925. English papier m�ch�: Its origin, development, and decline. London: Courier Press.

Devoe, S. S.1971. English papier m�ch� of the Georgian and Victorian periods. Middletown, Conn: Wesleyan University Press.

Gottesman, R. S.1938. The arts and crafts in New York, 1716–76. New York: New-York Historical Society.

Longfield, A. K.1948. The manufacture of “raised stucco” or “papier m�ch�” papers in Ireland c. 1750–70. Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland88 (July):55–62.

Nylander, R., E.Redmond, and J.Sander, 1986. Wallpaper in New England. Boston: Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities.

Osborne, H., ed.1975. The oxford companion to the decorative arts. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 603–8.

Oxford English Dictionary. 1971. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1928, 439.

Prime, A. C.1969. The arts and crafts in Philadelphia, Maryland and South Carolina 1721–1785. New York: Da Capo Press. 224.

South Carolina Gazette. 1765. Charleston, April 20, 4-1. Winston-Salem, N.C.: Museum of Early Southern Decorative Arts research files.

South Carolina Gazeteer and Country Journal. 1765. Charleston, December 24. 1-1 Winston-Salem, N.C.: Museum of Early Southern Decorative Arts research files.

van derReyden, D., and D. C.Williams. 1986. The technology and conservation treatment of a nineteenth-century English “papier-m�ch�” chair. AIC preprints, 14th Annual Meeting, American Institute for conservation, Washington, D.C.125–42.

Waite, J. G.1972. The stabilization of an eighteenth century plaster (sic) ceiling at Philipse Manor. New York: New York State Historical Trust.

SOURCES OF MATERIALS

Acryloid B-72 (a copolymer of ethyl methacrylate and methy acrylate)

Rohm and Haas, Philadelphia, Pa.

Rhoplex A.C. 33 (acrylic polymer emulsion)

Rohm and Haas, Philadelphia, Pa.

Polyfix (vinyl polymer and calcium carbonate filling material)

LePages Ltd., Bramalea, Ontario

Master Mechanic All Purpose Hot Melt Glue (polyamide glue-gun adhesive)

True-Value Hardware, Chicago, III.

One Time spackling compound (vinyl emulsion and glass microballoons)

Red Devil Inc., Union, N.J.

Sculpey (polyvinyl chloride modeling material)

Polyform Products Inc., Schiller Park, III.

Soluvar Picture Varnish

Binney and Smith, Easton, Pa.

Silastic, E., R.T.V. (silicone polymer molding material)

Dow corning, Midland, Mich.

Hydrostone (high-strength gypsum plaster)

U.S. Gypsum, Chicago, III.

Parafilm (microcrystalline wax-type release agent)

Sculpture Supplies, Ltd., New York, N.Y.

Methocel A4M (methyl cellulose)

Dow Chemical Co., Wilmington, Del.

Agateen (cellulose nitrate- type lacquer)

Agate Lacquer Co., Long Island City, N.Y.

AUTHOR INFORMATION

JONATHAN THORNTON received his B.A. in art history and studio art from Antioch College in 1974 and an M.A. and certificate of advanced study in art conservation from the State University of New York (Cooperstown Graduate Program) in 1980. Since that time he has been teaching object conservation in the same graduate program, first at Cooperstown and subsequently in Buffalo, where he is now associate professor. His current research interests include the materials techniques and history of sculptural decoration. Address: Art Conservation Department, State University College of New York at Buffalo, 1300 Elmwood Ave., Buffalo, N.Y. 14222.